Bi-objective p-hub Location Problems

In this thesis, we introduce, model, and solve bi-objective hub location problems. The two well-known hub location problems from the literature, the p-hub median and p-hub center problems, are uni ed under a bi-objective setting considering the single, multiple, and r-allocation strategies. We developed a 3-index and a 4-index mixed-integer programming formulation for each of the allocation strategies. All the formulations are tested on the CAB dataset from the literature using a commercial optimization software. We observe the effect of different priorities given to the objectives on the locations of hub nodes, allocations, and the CPU time requirements with different allocation strategies under different values of problem parameters

Can the delta neutrophil ındex be used as a preliminary biomarker ın the evaluation of periodontal disease: a pilot study

Objective: Tissue destruction in periodontal diseases is related to inflammatory mediators in the host. However, it is unknown whether a relationship between delta neutrophil index (DNI) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in Stage 3 Grade A patients occurs. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between periodontal disease and DNI and NLR. Methodology: The study included 74 systemically healthy, non-smoking adults separated into 3 groups. Group 1: 26 subjects with good periodontal health, Group 2: 26 subjects with gingivitis, and Group 3: 22 subjects with Stage 3 Grade A periodontitis. After determining which group the patient will be included in, a clinical periodontal examination was made of each patient and pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PI) parameters were measured. Venous blood samples were taken and examined with an automatic hematology analyzer for DNI, immature granulocytes (IG), NLR, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, neutrophil count and lymphocyte count. Results: DNI, IG, CRP, and neutrophil count were observed to be highest in Group 3, followed by Group 2, and the difference between the groups in these parameters was determined to be statistically significant (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.046, p=0.016). DNI, IG, CRP and neutrophil count were observed to be positively correlated with periodontal parameters. Conclusion: The findings of this study support the role of DNI as a new biomarker for periodontal diseases. DNI may better reflect the systemic level of stage 3 grade A periodontitis than traditional inflammatory markers

Calculation of Value in Use According to Turkish Accounting Standarts-36 on Impairment of Assets

Ülkeler; sosyal, ekonomik, kültürel vb. yönlerden, birbirleriyle her geçen gün daha fazla ilişkili hale gelmekteler. Ülkeler arası artarak devam eden ilişkilerin, daha sağlıklı bir şekilde yürütülebilmesi için tüm dünyada çeşitli düzenlemeler yapılmaktadır. Kamu Gözetimi Muhasebe ve Denetim Standartları Kurumu tarafından, uluslararası ortak bir muhasebe dilinin tesis edilmesine yönelik, ülkemizde atılan adımlar bu kapsamda değerlendirilebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; teknoloji, küreselleşme, inovasyon ve rekabet gibi ekonomik hayatta belirleyici olan bazı unsurlarda yaşanan hızlı değişimin de etkisiyle, değeri düşen varlıklar konusunu düzenleyen TMS-36' nın incelenerek standartta açıklanan; "Kullanım Değeri" kavramının anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamaktır. Çalışmanın son bölümünde, KullanımCountries are becoming more and more associated with each other from social, economical, and cultural perspectives. To maintain the relations between countries in a more vigorous manner, a variety of regulations is made around the globe. In this context, the Public Oversight Accounting and Auditing Standards Authority of Turkey has taken steps to make Turkey's accounting language compatible with the rest of the world. Turkish Accounting Standart-36 regulates the issue of ‘impairment of assets’ which is affected by transformative and rapid changes in technology, globalization, innovation and competition and has a great impact on financial life. The aim of this study is to examine the TAS-36 and, thereby, to contribute to the understanding of “the value in use” concept described in the standards. In the last section of the study, Value in Use calculation has been illustrated for different scenarios

Balancing and Simulation of Assembly Line in an LCD Manufacturing Company

Assembly line balancing is one of the most important topics in production literature due to the obvious advantages it provides. Although there are many developed mathematical models and heuristics to solve this problem, simulation is still one of the most popular and widely used techniques used in both assembly line balancing and manufacturing system design. In this study, 22-inch LCD TV assembly line that consists of 47 tasks is handled, and the line balancing is performed by using two different approaches. The results of each approach are compared by using simulation on an experimental basis

Relation of presence and severity of metabolic syndrome with left atrial mechanics in patients without overt diabetes: a deformation imaging study

Objective: We aimed to investigate left atrium (LA) function by speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and to show a possible relationship between the severity of MetSyn and LA function and to determine the predictors of low strain in MetSyn patients. Methods: Our study design was observational and cross-sectional design consisted of 80 MetSyn patients without overt diabetes and 50 con- trols. The patients were classified into three groups based on the number of MetSyn criteria. The peak LA strain at the end of the ventricular systole (LAs-strain) as well as the LA strain with LA contraction (LAa-strain) was obtained. Correlation analysis performed to assess the asso- ciation of LA strain parameters with the severity of MetSyn and logistic regression analysis performed to assess the relationship of low LA strain with MetSyn. Results: Both LAs (37.5±8.7 vs. 26.0±10.2, p<0.001) and LAa (19.9±6.3 vs. 13.0±6.4, p<0.001) strain measurements were found to be significantly decreased in patients with MetSyn when compared to the control group. Moreover, both LAs and LAa were found to be significantly decreased with the increasing severity of the MetSyn. A multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of MetSyn [OR:0.26 (95% CI 0.06-0.89), p=0.032] and left ventricular ejection fraction [OR:1.14 (95% CI 1.03-1.27), p=0.021] were independent predictors of LAs strain. Conclusion: MetSyn is associated with reduced LAs strain and LAa strain representing LA reservoir and pump function, respectively. Furthermore, LA mechanical function decreases even more with the increasing severity of the MetSyn. (Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2014; 14: 128-33)Objective: We aimed to investigate left atrium (LA) function by speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and to show a possible relationship between the severity of MetSyn and LA function and to determine the predictors of low strain in MetSyn patients. Methods: Our study design was observational and cross-sectional design consisted of 80 MetSyn patients without overt diabetes and 50 con- trols. The patients were classified into three groups based on the number of MetSyn criteria. The peak LA strain at the end of the ventricular systole (LAs-strain) as well as the LA strain with LA contraction (LAa-strain) was obtained. Correlation analysis performed to assess the asso- ciation of LA strain parameters with the severity of MetSyn and logistic regression analysis performed to assess the relationship of low LA strain with MetSyn. Results: Both LAs (37.5±8.7 vs. 26.0±10.2, p<0.001) and LAa (19.9±6.3 vs. 13.0±6.4, p<0.001) strain measurements were found to be significantly decreased in patients with MetSyn when compared to the control group. Moreover, both LAs and LAa were found to be significantly decreased with the increasing severity of the MetSyn. A multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the presence of MetSyn [OR:0.26 (95% CI 0.06-0.89), p=0.032] and left ventricular ejection fraction [OR:1.14 (95% CI 1.03-1.27), p=0.021] were independent predictors of LAs strain. Conclusion: MetSyn is associated with reduced LAs strain and LAa strain representing LA reservoir and pump function, respectively. Furthermore, LA mechanical function decreases even more with the increasing severity of the MetSyn. (Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2014; 14: 128-33

Metabolik sendrom varlığı ve ciddiyeti ile atriyuma ait elektromekanik gecikme ve P dalga dispersiyonu arasındaki ilişki

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, atriyum içi ve atriyumlar arası elektromekanik gecikme (AEMG) ve P dalga dispersiyonu (PDD) ile metabolik sendrom (MetS) varlığı ve şiddeti arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Çalışma planı: Çalışmaya MetS olan (n=72) ve olmayan (kontrol grubu, n=72) toplam 144 hasta alındı. MetS ciddiyetinin belirlenmesi için hastalar MetS ölçütlerinin sayısına göre üç gruba ayrıldı: Grup 1 (üç ölçütlü hastalar), Grup 2 (dört ölçütlü hastalar) ve Grup 3 (beş ölçütlü hastalar). Hastaların 12 derivasyonlu elekrokardiyografilerinden PDD ve doku Doppler parametrelerinden kulakçıklar arası ve kulakçıklar içi AEMG hesaplandı. Bulgular: Kulakçılar arası AEMG (22.9±15 ve 11.5±14, p<0.001) ve kulakçık içi AEMG değerleri (23.6±12 ve 8.3±19, p<0.001) MetS’li hastalarda, kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha uzun bulundu. Benzer şekilde, PDD değerleri kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında MetS’li hastalarda anlamlı olarak daha uzun bulundu (49±25 ve 36±24, p=0.001). Ancak, kulakçıklar arası ve içi AEMG ve PDD’nin MetS şiddeti ile ilişkisi gösterilemedi. Korelasyon analizinde, atriyumlar arası AEMG ve atriyum içi AEMG daha çok sol ventrikül kitle indeksi ve sol atriyum hacim indeksi ile, P dalga dispersiyonu ise daha çok mitral Doppler parametreleri ile ilişkili bulundu. Çoklu değişken analizi sonucu, atriyumlar arası AEMD için, HDL-K, sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı bağımsız öngördürücüler olarak bulunurken; E/A ve LDL için bu değerler istatistiksel anlamlılık sınırında kaldı. Kulakçık içi AEMD için ise sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı, beden kitle indeksi ve E/A bağımsız öngördürücüler olarak bulundu. Sonuç: MetS’li hastalarda kulakçıklar arası ve kulakçık içi AEMG ve PDD, kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha uzundur. Fakat bu uzamanın MetS ciddiyeti ile ilişkisi yoktur.Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between the presence and severity of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with intra- and inter-atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) and P-wave dispersion (PWD). Study design: A total of 144 patients (72 MetS patients and 72 age- and sex-matched control subjects) were included in the study. Patients with MetS were classified into three groups based on the number of MetS criteria as follows: Group 1 (patients with three MetS criteria), Group 2 (patients with four MetS criteria) and Group 3 (patients with five MetS criteria). Intra- and inter-AEMD were measured from parameters of tissue Doppler imaging. PWD was calculated from the 12-lead electrocardiogram. Results: Both inter-AEMD (22.9&plusmn;15 vs. 11.5&plusmn;14, p&lt;0.001) and intra-AEMD (23.6&plusmn;12 vs. 8.3&plusmn;19, p&lt;0.001) were found to be significantly longer in patients with MetS than the control group. Similarly, PWD (49&plusmn;25 vs. 36&plusmn;24, p=0.001) were found to be significantly longer in the MetS patients than the controls. However, both inter-AEMD and intra-AEMD and P wave measurements were not found to be associated with the severity of MetS. While inter and intra-AEMD were better correlated with LV mass index and LA volume index, PWD correlated better with mitral inflow Doppler parameters. According to multivariate analyses, inter-AEMD, HDL-C, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were found to be independent predictors, whereas E/A and LDL-C had borderline significance. For the intra-AEMD, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index and E/A were found to be independent predictors. Conclusion: In patients with MetS, inter- and intra-AEMD, and P dispersion were found to be lengthened when compared with the controls. However, these parameters were not associated with the severity of MetS

ST segment yükselmeli hastalarda trombolitik tedavi sonrası infark genişliği ve QRS aks değişikliği arasındaki ilişki

Amaç: Elektrokardiyografi (EKG) ST yükselmeli akut miyokard infarktüsü (STYAMİ) ile gelen hastalarda prognostik infarkt genişliğini belirlemede pratik ve yönlendirici bir araç olabilir. Bu çalışma ile infarkt genişliği ile trombolitik tedavi sonrası QRS aks değişim miktarı arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını bulmaya çalıştık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada trombolitik tedavi alan STYAMİ hastaları retrospektif olarak seçildi. İki EKG’de (trombolitik tedavi öncesindeki ve tedavi sonrası 90. dakikadaki) ortalama QRS aksı bir formül yardımıyla hesaplandı. İnfarkt genişliğini belirlemede belirteç olarak kreatinin kinaz MB (CKMB) kullanıldı. Bulgular: Tüm Mİ altgrupları gözönüne alındığında infarkt genişliği ile QRS aksı değişimi arasında korelasyon saptamadık (p=0.80). Sadece izole inferior Mİ grubunda CKMB ile QRS aksı değişimi arasında iyi derece korelasyon saptadık (r=-0.52 p=0.049). Sonuç: QRS aksı değişimi, trombolitik tedavinin etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesinde ve prognostik infarkt genişliğinin belirlenmesinde çok vurgulanmamış, pratik ve gelecek vadeden bir araç gibi gözükmektedir.Objective: Electrocardiography (ECG) may be a practical guiding tool for prognostic infarct sizing in ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEAMI). In this study, we sought to find a relation between the infarct size and the change in the QRS axis after thrombolytic therapy. Materials and Methods: Patients with STEAMI who received thrombolytic therapy were selected retrospectively. The mean QRS axes of two ECGs (before and 90 minutes after thrombolytic therapy) were calculated. Creatinine kinase MB (CKMB) was used as the marker of infarct size. Results: We did not detect any correlation between infarct size and change in the QRS axis with respect to any myocardial infarction MI localizations (p=0.80). However, in the isolated inferior MI group, there was a good correlation between CKMB and change in the QRS axis (r=-0.52 p=0.049). Conclusion: The change in the QRS axis is rarely emphasized, providing a practical and promising tool for evaluating both the efficiency of the thrombolytic therapy and prognostic infarct sizing

INHIBITION OF CARBONIC ANHYDRASE I AND II WITH TOTAL ANTHOCYANINS EXTRACTED FROM SWEET CHERRY CULTIVARS

Total anthocyanins were extracted from six sweet cherry cultivars grown in Sakarya, Turkey. In vitro inhibition effects of the extracted total anthocyanins on purified carbonic anhydrase I and II were investigated using CO2 as a substrate. All the extracted total anthocyanins inhibited the activity of the human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) I and II enzymes. Among all the cultivars, 'Karakiraz' was found to be the most active on both hCA I (IC50 = 30.59 mu g/mL) and hCA II activity (IC50 = 44.52 mu g/mL). Additionally, all the cultivars have higher inhibitory activity on hCA I than hCA II